The Cyber and Critical Infrastructures Nexus: Interdependencies, Dependencies and Their Impacts on Public Services

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Rae Zimmerman
Critical infrastructures (CI) provide fundamental services in ways that are essential to the social and economic fabric of society. These infrastructures are apparently becoming increasingly interconnected with one another (Saidi et al. 2018: 1), and these interconnections appear in the form of interdependencies and dependencies. Information technologies or information and communications technologies (ICT) are often a major location point for that interconnectivity and have been increasingly so for some CI sectors, not only within single infrastructure sectors, subsectors, or subsector components, but also among different infrastructure sectors.