Hossein Siadati, Toan Nguyen, Payas Gupta, Markus Jakobsson, and Nasir Memon
SMS-based second factor authentication is a cornerstone for many service providers, ranging from email service providers and social networks to financial institutions and online marketplaces. Attackers have not been slow to capitalize on the vulnerabilities of this mechanism by using social engineering techniques to coerce users to forward authentication codes.